Section 1: Verses 1–23
Thematic progression across verses 1–23
وَٱلذَّٰرِيَٰتِ ذَرۡوࣰ ا 1
Waz-zaariyaati zarwaa
By the spreaders spreading
فَٱلۡحَٰمِلَٰتِ وِقۡرࣰ ا 2
Falhaamilaati wiqraa
And those carrying loads
فَٱلۡجَٰرِيَٰتِ يُسۡرࣰ ا 3
Faljaariyaati yusraa
And those moving gently
فَٱلۡمُقَسِّمَٰتِ أَمۡرًا 4
Falmuqassimaati amraa
And those distributing as commanded
إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَصَادِقࣱ 5
Innamaa too'adoona la-saadiq
What you are promised is true
وَإِنَّ ٱلدِّينَ لَوَٰقِعࣱ 6
Wa innad deena la waaqi
Judgment will take place
وَٱلسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ ٱلۡحُبُكِ 7
Wassamaaa'i zaatil hubuk
By the sky that is woven
إِنَّكُمۡ لَفِي قَوۡلࣲ مُّخۡتَلِفࣲ 8
Innakum lafee qawlim mukhtalif
You differ in what you say
يُؤۡفَكُ عَنۡهُ مَنۡ أُفِكَ 9
Yu'faku 'anhu man ufik
Averted from it is he who is averted
قُتِلَ ٱلۡخَرَّٰصُونَ 10
Qutilal kharraasoon
Perish the imposters
ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ فِي غَمۡرَةࣲ سَاهُونَ 11
Allazeena hum fee ghamratin saahoon
Those who are dazed in ignorance
يَسۡـَٔلُونَ أَيَّانَ يَوۡمُ ٱلدِّينِ 12
Yas'aloona ayyaana yawmud Deen
They ask, “When is the Day of Judgment?”
يَوۡمَ هُمۡ عَلَى ٱلنَّارِ يُفۡتَنُونَ 13
Yawma hum 'alan naari yuftanoon
The Day they are presented to the Fire
ذُوقُواْ فِتۡنَتَكُمۡ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِي كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَسۡتَعۡجِلُونَ 14
Zooqoo fitnatakum haa zal lazee kuntum bihee tas ta'jiloon
“Taste your ordeal. This is what you used to challenge.”
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّٰتࣲ وَعُيُونٍ 15
Innal muttaqeena fee jannaatinw wa 'uyoon
But the pious are amidst gardens and springs
ءَاخِذِينَ مَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَبۡلَ ذَٰلِكَ مُحۡسِنِينَ 16
Aakhizeena maaa aataahum Rabbuhum; innahum kaanoo qabla zaalika muhsineen
Receiving what their Lord has given them. They were virtuous before that
كَانُواْ قَلِيلࣰ ا مِّنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ مَا يَهۡجَعُونَ 17
kaanoo qaleelam minal laili maa yahja'oon
They used to sleep a little at night
وَبِٱلۡأَسۡحَارِ هُمۡ يَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَ 18
Wa bilashaari hum yastaghfiroon
And at dawn, they would pray for pardon
وَفِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ حَقࣱّ لِّلسَّآئِلِ وَٱلۡمَحۡرُومِ 19
Wa feee amwaalihim haqqul lissaaa'ili walmahroom
And in their wealth, there was a share for the beggar and the deprived
وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ ءَايَٰتࣱ لِّلۡمُوقِنِينَ 20
Wa fil ardi aayaatul lilmooqineen
And on earth are signs for the convinced
وَفِيٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡۚ أَفَلَا تُبۡصِرُونَ 21
Wa feee anfusikum; afalaa tubsiroon
And within yourselves. Do you not see
وَفِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ رِزۡقُكُمۡ وَمَا تُوعَدُونَ 22
Wa fissamaaa'i rizqukum wa maa too'adoon
And in the heaven is your livelihood, and what you are promised
فَوَرَبِّ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِنَّهُۥ لَحَقࣱّ مِّثۡلَ مَآ أَنَّكُمۡ تَنطِقُونَ 23
Fawa Rabbis samaaa'i wal ardi innahoo lahaqqum misla maa annakum tantiqoon
By the Lord of the heaven and the earth, it is as true as the fact that you speak
Section 2: Verses 24–46
Thematic progression across verses 24–46
هَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ضَيۡفِ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ ٱلۡمُكۡرَمِينَ 24
Hal ataaka hadeesu daifi Ibraaheemal mukrameen
Has the story of Abraham’s honorable guests reached you
إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِ فَقَالُواْ سَلَٰمࣰ اۖ قَالَ سَلَٰمࣱ قَوۡمࣱ مُّنكَرُونَ 25
Iz dakhaloo 'alaihi faqaaloo salaaman qaala salaamun qawmum munkaroon
When they entered upon him, they said, “Peace.” He said, “Peace, strangers.”
فَرَاغَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ فَجَآءَ بِعِجۡلࣲ سَمِينࣲ 26
Faraagha ilaaa ahlihee fajaaa'a bi'ijlin sameen
Then he slipped away to his family, and brought a fatted calf
فَقَرَّبَهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِمۡ قَالَ أَلَا تَأۡكُلُونَ 27
Faqarrabahooo ilaihim qaala alaa taakuloon
He set it before them. He said, “Will you not eat?”
فَأَوۡجَسَ مِنۡهُمۡ خِيفَةࣰۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ وَبَشَّرُوهُ بِغُلَٰمٍ عَلِيمࣲ 28
Fa awjasa minhm khee fatan qaaloo laa takhaf wa bashsharoohu bighulaamin 'aleem
And he harbored fear of them. They said, “Do not fear,” and they announced to him the good news of a knowledgeable boy
فَأَقۡبَلَتِ ٱمۡرَأَتُهُۥ فِي صَرَّةࣲ فَصَكَّتۡ وَجۡهَهَا وَقَالَتۡ عَجُوزٌ عَقِيمࣱ 29
Fa aqbalatim ra-atuhoo fee sarratin fasakkat wajhahaa wa qaalat 'ajoozun 'aqeem
His wife came forward crying. She clasped her face, and said, “A barren old woman?”
قَالُواْ كَذَٰلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ 30
Qaaloo kazaaliki qaala Rabbuki innahoo huwal hakeemul 'aleem
They said, “Thus spoke your Lord. He is the Wise, the Knowing.”
۞قَالَ فَمَا خَطۡبُكُمۡ أَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُرۡسَلُونَ 31
Qaala famaa khatbukum ayyuhal mursaloon
He said, “What is your business, O envoys?”
قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّآ أُرۡسِلۡنَآ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمࣲ مُّجۡرِمِينَ 32
Qaalooo innaaa ursilnaaa ilaa qawmim mujrimeen
They said, “We are sent to a people guilty of sin.”
لِنُرۡسِلَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حِجَارَةࣰ مِّن طِينࣲ 33
Linursila 'alaihim hijaa ratam min teen
“To unleash upon them rocks of clay.”
مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ 34
Musawwamatan 'inda rabbika lilmusrifeen
“Marked by your Lord for the excessive.”
فَأَخۡرَجۡنَا مَن كَانَ فِيهَا مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ 35
Fa akhrajnaa man kaana feehaa minal mu'mineen
We evacuated all the believers who were in it
فَمَا وَجَدۡنَا فِيهَا غَيۡرَ بَيۡتࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ 36
Famaa wajadnaa feehaa ghaira baitim minal muslimeen
But found in it only one household of Muslims
وَتَرَكۡنَا فِيهَآ ءَايَةࣰ لِّلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ ٱلۡعَذَابَ ٱلۡأَلِيمَ 37
Wa taraknaa feehaaa aayatal lillazeena yakhaafoonal 'azaabal aleem
And We left in it a sign for those who fear the painful punishment
وَفِي مُوسَىٰٓ إِذۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ بِسُلۡطَٰنࣲ مُّبِينࣲ 38
Wa fee Moosaaa iz arsalnaahu ilaa Fir'wna bisultaa nim mubeen
And in Moses. We sent him to Pharaoh with a clear authority
فَتَوَلَّىٰ بِرُكۡنِهِۦ وَقَالَ سَٰحِرٌ أَوۡ مَجۡنُونࣱ 39
Fatawalla biruknihee wa qaala saahirun aw majnoon
But he turned away with his warlords, and said, “A sorcerer or a madman.”
فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُ وَجُنُودَهُۥ فَنَبَذۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ وَهُوَ مُلِيمࣱ 40
Fa akhaznaahu wa junoo dahoo fanabaznaahum fil yammi wa huwa muleem
So We seized him and his troops, and threw them into the sea, and He was to blame
وَفِي عَادٍ إِذۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّيحَ ٱلۡعَقِيمَ 41
Wa fee 'Aadin iz arsalnaa 'alaihimur reehal'aqeem
And in Aad. We unleashed against them the devastating wind
مَا تَذَرُ مِن شَيۡءٍ أَتَتۡ عَلَيۡهِ إِلَّا جَعَلَتۡهُ كَٱلرَّمِيمِ 42
Maa tazaru min shai'in atat 'alaihi illaa ja'alat hu karrameem
It spared nothing it came upon, but rendered it like decayed ruins
وَفِي ثَمُودَ إِذۡ قِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَمَتَّعُواْ حَتَّىٰ حِينࣲ 43
Wa fee Samooda iz qeela lahum tamatta''oo hattaa heen
And in Thamood. They were told, “Enjoy yourselves for a while.”
فَعَتَوۡاْ عَنۡ أَمۡرِ رَبِّهِمۡ فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَهُمۡ يَنظُرُونَ 44
Fa'ataw 'an amri Rabbihim fa akhazal humus saa'iqatu wa hum yanzuroon
But they defied the command of their Lord, so the lightning struck them as they looked on
فَمَا ٱسۡتَطَٰعُواْ مِن قِيَامࣲ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُنتَصِرِينَ 45
Famas tataa'oo min qiyaaminw wa maa kaanoo muntasireen
They could not rise up, nor could they find help
وَقَوۡمَ نُوحࣲ مِّن قَبۡلُۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمࣰ ا فَٰسِقِينَ 46
Wa qawma Noohim min qablu innahum kaano qawman faasiqeen
And before that, the people of Noah. They were immoral people
Section 3: Verses 47–60
Thematic progression across verses 47–60
وَٱلسَّمَآءَ بَنَيۡنَٰهَا بِأَيۡيْدࣲ وَإِنَّا لَمُوسِعُونَ 47
Wassamaaa'a banainaa haa bi aydinw wa innaa lamoosi'oon
We constructed the universe with power, and We are expanding it
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ فَرَشۡنَٰهَا فَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡمَٰهِدُونَ 48
Wal arda farashnaahaa fani'mal maahidoon
And the earth—We spread it out—How well We prepared it
وَمِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقۡنَا زَوۡجَيۡنِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ 49
Wa min kulli shai'in khalaqnaa zawjaini la'allakum tazakkaroon
We created all things in pairs, so that you may reflect and ponder
فَفِرُّوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرࣱ مُّبِينࣱ 50
Fafirrooo ilal laahi innee lakum minhu nazeerum mubeen
“So flee towards God. I am to you from Him a clear warner.”
وَلَا تَجۡعَلُواْ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرࣱ مُّبِينࣱ 51
Wa laa taj'aloo ma'al laahi ilaahan aakhara innee lakum minhu nazeerum mubeen
“And do not set up any other god with God. I am to you from Him a clear warner.”
كَذَٰلِكَ مَآ أَتَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا قَالُواْ سَاحِرٌ أَوۡ مَجۡنُونٌ 52
Kazaalika maaa atal lazeena min qablihim mir Rasoolin illaa qaaloo saahirun aw majnoon
Likewise, no messenger came to those before them, but they said, “A sorcerer or a madman.”
أَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِهِۦۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ قَوۡمࣱ طَاغُونَ 53
Atawaasaw bih; bal hum qawmun taaghoon
Did they recommend it to one another? In fact, they are rebellious people
فَتَوَلَّ عَنۡهُمۡ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِمَلُومࣲ 54
Fatawalla 'anhum famaaa anta bimaloom
So turn away from them; you are not to blame
وَذَكِّرۡ فَإِنَّ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰ تَنفَعُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ 55
Wa zakkir fa innaz zikraa tanfa'ul mu'mineen
And remind, for the reminder benefits the believers
وَمَا خَلَقۡتُ ٱلۡجِنَّ وَٱلۡإِنسَ إِلَّا لِيَعۡبُدُونِ 56
Wa maa khalaqtul jinna wal insa illaa liya'budoon
I did not create the jinn and the humans except to worship Me
مَآ أُرِيدُ مِنۡهُم مِّن رِّزۡقࣲ وَمَآ أُرِيدُ أَن يُطۡعِمُونِ 57
Maaa ureedu minhum mir rizqinw wa maaa ureedu anyyut'imoon
I need no livelihood from them, nor do I need them to feed Me
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلرَّزَّاقُ ذُو ٱلۡقُوَّةِ ٱلۡمَتِينُ 58
Innal laaha Huwar Razzaaqu Zul Quwwatil Mateen
God is the Provider, the One with Power, the Strong
فَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ذَنُوبࣰ ا مِّثۡلَ ذَنُوبِ أَصۡحَٰبِهِمۡ فَلَا يَسۡتَعۡجِلُونِ 59
Fa inna lillazeena zalamoo zanoobam misla zanoobi ashaabihim falaa yasta'jiloon
Those who do wrong will have their turn, like the turn of their counterparts, so let them not rush Me
فَوَيۡلࣱ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن يَوۡمِهِمُ ٱلَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ 60
Fawailul lillazeena kafaroo miny yawmihimul lazee yoo'adoon
So woe to those who disbelieve because of that Day of theirs which they are promised
Quran-Anchored Prophetic Context
Authentic narrations in the active corpus that explicitly cite, name, or explain verses in Surah Adh-Dhaariyat.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ أَقْرَأَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم:( إِنِّي أَنَا الرَّزَّاقُ ذُو الْقُوَّةِ الْمَتِينُ ) . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited to me: "Indeed Allah is the Provider, The Possessor of power, the Firm." (51:58)
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ سَلاَّمٍ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ أَبِي النَّجُودِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، مِنْ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَذُكِرْتُ عِنْدَهُ وَافِدَ عَادٍ فَقُلْتُ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِثْلَ وَافِدِ عَادٍ . قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " وَمَا وَافِدُ عَادٍ " . قَالَ فَقُلْتُ عَلَى الْخَبِيرِ سَقَطْتَ إِنَّ عَادًا لَمَّا أُقْحِطَتْ بَعَثَتْ قَيْلاً فَنَزَلَ عَلَى بَكْرِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَسَقَاهُ الْخَمْرَ وَغَنَّتْهُ الْجَرَادَتَانِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يُرِيدُ جِبَالَ مَهْرَةَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي لَمْ آتِكَ لِمَرِيضٍ فَأُدَاوِيَهِ وَلاَ لأَسِيرٍ فَأُفَادِيَهُ فَاسْقِ عَبْدَكَ مَا كُنْتَ مُسْقِيَهُ وَاسْقِ مَعَهُ بَكْرَ بْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ . يَشْكُرْ لَهُ الْخَمْرَ الَّذِي سَقَاهُ فَرُفِعَ لَهُ سَحَابَاتٌ فَقِيلَ لَهُ اخْتَرْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ فَاخْتَارَ السَّوْدَاءَ مِنْهُنَّ فَقِيلَ لَهُ خُذْهَا رَمَادًا رَمْدَدًا لاَ تَذَرُ مِنْ عَادٍ أَحَدًا وَذُكِرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُرْسَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الرِّيحِ إِلاَّ قَدْرُ هَذِهِ الْحَلْقَةِ يَعْنِي حَلْقَةَ الْخَاتَمِ . ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : (إذْ أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّيحَ الْعَقِيمَ * مَا تَذَرُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ جَعَلَتْهُ كَالرَّمِيمِ ) الآيَةَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَقَدْ رَوَى غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سَلاَّمٍ أَبِي الْمُنْذِرِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ أَبِي النَّجُودِ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ وَيُقَالُ لَهُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ .
from a man of Rabi'ah who said: "I arrived in Al-Madinah, entered upon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and mentioned the emissary of 'Ad to him. I said: 'I seek refuge in Allah from being like the emissary of 'Ad.' So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'And what of the emissary of 'Ad?'" He said: "I said: You have got the one who is informed about it. When 'Ad suffered from famine they sent Qail and he stayed with Bakr bin Mu'awiyah. He gave him wine to drink and two slave girls to sing for him. Then he went out towards the mountains of Murrah and said: "O Allah! I did not come to You to cure a sick person, nor to ransom a captive! So give water to Your slave as You used to do, and give water to Bakr bin Mu'awiyah along with him." He said that out of gratitude for the wine which he gave him to drink. So two clouds appeared and it was said to him: "Choose one of them." So he chose the black one. It was said to him: "Take it as ashes that will leave none in 'Ad." So he mentioned that the wind sent upon them was not more than this circle - meaning the circle of a ring - then he recited: "...We sent against them the barren wind; it spared nothing that it reached, but blew it into broken spreads of rotten ruins. (51:41 & 42)"
Chapter 108 | Enlightening Points Deduced from the Holy Quran about Leadership with Divine Authority)
47ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ ابي جعفر فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّكُمْ لَفِي قَوْلٍ مُخْتَلِفٍ فِي أَمْرِ الْوَلايَةِ يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ قَالَ مَنْ أُفِكَ عَنِ الْوَلايَةِ أُفِكَ عَنِ الْجَنَّةِ.
47. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Sayf from his brother from his father from abu Hamza from abu Ja‘far about the words of Allah, the Most High. “. . your ideas are confused (51:8). Let whoever wishes, turn away from it (Wilaya, Leadership with Divine Authority) (Our Quran).” (51:9) The Imam said, “whoever would turn away from Wilaya, (Leadership with Divine Authority) he has turned away from paradise.”
Chapter 108 | Enlightening Points Deduced from the Holy Quran about Leadership with Divine Authority)
66ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ الْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَأَخْرَجْنا مَنْ كانَ فِيها مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَما وَجَدْنا فِيها غَيْرَ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمْ يَبْقَ فِيهَا غَيْرُهُمْ.
66. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Hanan from Salim al-Hannat who has said the following. “I asked abu Ja‘far about the meaning of the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most gracious. “We saved the believers among them, (51:35) but We found only one Muslim house (51:36). The Imam said, “That family is the family of Muhammad .”